THE JOURNAL OF ROMAN STUDIES

VOLUME XCV 2005

CONTENTS

ARTICLES

R. O. A. M. Lyne†: Structure and Allusion in Horace's Book of Epodes, 1-19

John T. Ramsey: Mark Antony's Judiciary Reform and its Revival under the Triumvirs, 20-37

Henrik Mouritsen: Freedmen and Decurions: Epitaphs and Social History in Imperial Italy, 38-63

Walter Scheidel: Human Mobility in Roman Italy, II: The Slave Population, 64-79

Caroline Vout: Antinous, Archaeology and History, 80-96

Edward Champlin: Phaedrus the Fabulous, 97-123

SURVEY ARTICLE

J. J. Wilkes: The Roman Danube: An Archaeological Survey, 124-225

REVIEW ARTICLE

Denis Feeney: The Beginnings of a Literature in Latin (reviews W. Suerbaum (Ed.), Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike. Erster Band: die archaische Literatur. Von den Anfängen bis zu Sullas Tod. Die vorliterarische Periode und die Zeit von 240 bis 78 v. Chr.), 226-40

REVIEWS (in alphabetical order)

Allen Miller, P., Subjecting Verses. Latin Love Elegy and the Emergence of the Real (by E. Spentzou), 278-9

Allison, P. M., Pompeian Households: an Analysis of Material Culture (by R. Laurence), 316-17

Attema, P., G. Burgers, E. van Joolen, M. van Leusen and B. Mater (Eds), New Developments in Italian Landscape Archaeology: Theory and Methodology of Field Survey, Land Evaluation and Landscape Perception, Pottery Production and Distribution (by S. Kane), 322-3

Bianco, M. M., Ridiculi Senes: Plauto e i vecchi da commedia (by B. Dunsch), 281-2

Bonamici, M., Volterra: l'acropoli e il suo santuario: scavi 1987-1995 (by R. Roth), 313-15

Bowden, W., L. Lavan and C. Machado (Eds), Recent Research on the Late Antique Countryside (by N. Christie), 325-6

Boyle, A. J., Ovid and the Monuments: a Poet's Rome (by K. Galinsky), 288

Burns, T. S., Rome and the Barbarians, 100 B.C.-A.D. 400 (by J. E. Lendon), 257-9

Burrell, B., Neokoroi: Greek Cities and Roman Emperors (by J. König), 255-6

Byrne, S. G., Roman Citizens of Athens (by G. J. Oliver), 256-7

Cadili, L., Viamque adfectat Olympo: memoria ellenistica nelle 'Georgiche' di Virgilio (by M. Gale), 287

Cambi, F., Archeologia dei paesaggi antichi: fonti e diagnostica (by R. Witcher), 321-2

Campbell, B., War and Society in Imperial Rome, 31 BC-AD 284 (by K. Gilliver), 261-3

Campbell, G. L., Lucretius on Creation and Evolution: a Commentary on De Rerum Natura Book Five, Lines 772-1104 (by C. D. N. Costa), 283-4

Carey, S., Pliny's Catalogue of Culture: Art and Empire in the Natural History (by M. Beagon), 293-4

Chassignet, M., L'Annalistique romaine. Tome III. L'annalistique récente. L'autobiographie politique (fragments) (by A. G. Thein), 282-3

Christie, N. (Ed.), Landscapes of Change. Rural Evolutions in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (by R. Sweetman), 326-8

Churchill, L. J., P. R. Brown, and J. E. Jeffrey (Eds), Women Writing Latin: from Roman Antiquity to Early Modern Europe (by C. Rauer), 298-9

Cifarelli, F. M., Il tempio di Giunone Moneta sull'Acropoli di Segni. Storia topographia e decorazione architettonica (by V. Izzet), 312-13

Clarke, J. R., Art in the Lives of Ordinary Romans: Visual Representation and Non-elite Viewers in Italy, 100 B.C.-A.D. 315 (by P. Stewart), 302-3

Cooley, A. E., and M. G. L. Cooley, Pompeii: a Sourcebook (by J. Andrews), 315-16

Cooley, A. E., Pompeii (by J. Andrews), 315-16

Cosi, R., Le solidarietà politiche nella repubblica romana (by J. Thorne), 252-3

Cristofori, A., Non armavirumque. Le occupationi nell'epigrafia del Piceno (by J. Pearce), 309-10

Crouch, D. P., Geology and Settlement: Greco-Roman Patterns (by M. Anderson), 319-20

Daly, G., Cannae: the Experience of Battle in the Second Punic War (by J. W. Rich), 248-9

De Chaisemartin, N., Rome. Paysage urbain et idéologie. Des Scipions à Hadrien (by G. P. R. Métraux), 305-6

De Maria, S. (Ed.), Nuove ricerche e scavi nell'area della villa di Teoderico a Galeata (by N. Christie), 329

Dreyer, B., and H. Engelmann, Die Inschriften von Metropolis, T. 1, die Dekrete für Apollonios: städtische Politik unter den Attaliden und im Konflikt zwischen Aristonikos und Rom (by C. Eilers), 253-4

Dunbabin, K., The Roman Banquet. Images of Conviviality (by S. Hales), 299-300

Dyson, S. L., The Roman Countryside (by R. Witcher), 321-2

Edwards, C., and G. Woolf (Eds), Rome the Cosmopolis (by J. Paterson), 247-8

Fishwick, D., The Imperial Cult in the Latin West: Studies in the Ruler Cult of the Western Provinces of the Roman Empire: Provincial Cult; Part 1, Institution and Evolution, Part 2, the Provincial Priesthood, Part 3, the Provincial Centre (by I. Gradel), 260-1

Francovich, R., and R. Hodges, Villa to Village. The Transformation of the Roman Countryside in Italy c. 400-1000 (by R. Witcher), 321-2

Gillett, A., Envoys and Political Communication in the Late Antique West, 411-533 (by M. Humphries), 273-4

Goldsworthy, A., Cannae (by J. W. Rich), 248-9

Gradel, I., Emperor Worship and Roman Religion (by K. K. Hersch), 259-60

Grünewald, T., Bandits in the Roman Empire: Myth and Reality (by P. de Souza), 269-70

Gualtieri, M., La Lucania romana. Cultura e società nella documentazione archeologica (by E. Isayev), 308-9

Haug, A., Die Stadt als Lebensraum. Eine kulturhistorische Analyse zum spätantiken Stadtleben in Norditalien (by J. Hillner), 323-4

Henderson, J., Hortvs: the Roman Book of Gardening (by D. Spencer), 275-8

Henderson, J., Morals and Villas in Seneca's Letters: Places to Dwell (by D. Spencer), 275-8

Holland, T., Rubicon. The Triumph and Tragedy of the Roman Republic (by G. Woolf), 244-5

Hoyos, D., Hannibal's Dynasty: Power and Politics in the Western Mediterranean, 247-183 B.C. (by J. Serrati), 249-51

Jacobsson, M., Aurelius Augustinus: De Musica Liber VI. A Critical Edition with a Translation and an Introduction (by D. Creese), 296-7

James, S., The Excavations at Dura-Europos Conducted by Yale University and the French Academy of Inscriptions and Letters 1928 to 1937. Final Report VII. The Arms and Armour and other Military Equipment (by D. B. Campbell), 267-8

Kosso, C., The Archaeology of Public Policy in Late Roman Greece (by W. Bowden), 328-9

Leader-Newby, R. E., Silver and Society in Late Antiquity: Functions and Meanings of Silver Plate in the Fourth to Seventh Centuries (by L. Grig), 304

Leigh, M., Comedy and the Rise of Rome (by E. S. Gruen), 280-1

Littlewood, C. A. J., Self-representation and Illusion in Senecan Tragedy (by E. Wilson), 290-1

Maraldi, L., Falerio (by R. Witcher), 315

May, J. M. (Ed.), Brill's Companion to Cicero: Oratory and Rhetoric (by C. E. W. Steel), 284-5

Meijer, F., Emperors Don't Die in Bed (by G. Woolf), 244-5

Morstein-Marx, R., Mass Oratory and Political Power in the Late Roman Republic (by H. Mouritsen), 251-2

Morwood, J. (Ed.), The Teaching of Classics (by T. Morgan), 241

Murphy, T., Pliny the Elder's Natural History. The Empire in the Encyclopaedia (by A. Doody), 292-3

O'Brien, M. C., Apuleius' Debt to Plato in the Metamorphoses (by R. May), 294-5

Parenti, M., The Assassination of Julius Caesar. A People's History of Ancient Rome (by G. Woolf), 244-5

Paschalis, M., and S. Frangoulidis (Eds), Space in the Ancient Novel (by R. May), 279-80

Pergola, P., R. Santangeli Valenzani and R. Volpe (Eds), Suburbium. Il suburbio di Roma dalla crisi del sistema delle ville a Gregorio Magno (by P. J. Goodman), 306-8

Phang, S. E., The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C.-A.D. 235): Law and the Family in the Imperial Army (by J. Serrati), 265-6

Plumer, E., Augustine's Commentary on Galatians. Introduction, Text, Translation, and Notes (by T. Fuhrer), 295-6

Polverini, L. (Ed.), Aspetti della Storiografia di Ettore Pais (by G. Ceserani), 245-7

Pucci, G., and C. Mascione (Eds), Manifattura ceramica etrusco-romana a Chiusi: il complesso produttivo di Marcianella (by J. A. Becker), 310-11

Rauh, N. K., Merchants, Sailors and Pirates in the Roman World (by P. de Souza), 268-9

Reinhardt, T. (Ed.), Cicero, Topica with Translation, Introduction and Commentary (by J. Harries), 286

Roxan, M., and P. Holder (Eds), Roman Military Diplomas IV (by M. A. Speidel and A. M. Hirt), 263-4

Schiesaro, A., The Passions in Play. Thyestes and the Dynamics of Senecan Drama (by M. Leigh), 291-2

Schörner, G., Votive im römischen Griechenland (by M. Pretzler), 254-5

Schwartz, S., Imperialism and Jewish Society, 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E. (by B. McGing), 271-3

Schwarz, M., Tumulat Italia Tellus: Gestaltung, Chronologie und Bedeutung der römischen Rundgräber in Italien (by C. Roth-Murray), 311-12

Shackleton Bailey, D. R., Cicero: Letters to Quintus and Brutus, Letter Fragments, Letter to Octavian, Invectives, Handbook of Electioneering (by J. Briscoe), 285-6

Thebert, Y., Thermes romains d'Afrique du nord et leur contexte Mediterranéen: études d'histoire et d'archéologie (by G. G. Fagan), 318-19

White, C., Early Christian Latin Poets (by A. Dykes), 297

Whittaker, C. R., Rome and its Frontiers: the Dynamics of Empire (by J. E. Lendon), 257-9

Wilkes, J. J. (Ed.), Documenting the Roman Army: Essays in Honour of Margaret Roxan (by M. A. Speidel and A. M. Hirt), 263-4

Williams, G. D. (Ed.), Seneca: De Otio, de Brevitate Vitae (by C. Edwards), 288-9

Winkler, M. M. (Ed.), Classical Myth and Culture in the Cinema (by K. Shahabudin), 242-4

Winkler, M. M. (Ed.), Gladiator: Film and History (by K. Shahabudin), 242-4

Wolff, C., Les Brigands en Orient sous le haut-empire romain (by B. D. Shaw), 270-1

Zaccaria Ruggiu, A., More Regio Vivere. Il banchetto aristocratico e la casa romana di età arcaica (by C. Riva), 300-1

Zanker, P., and B. C. Ewald, Mit Mythen Leben: die Bilderwelt der römischen Sarkophage (by J. Huskinson), 303-4

JRS 2005 ABSTRACTS

R. O. A. M. Lyne†: Structure and Allusion in Horace's Book of Epodes

This article, which was substantively complete at the time of Professor Lyne's sad death, takes a close look at Horace Epodes 13. Lyne displays the complex intertextual and generic resonances of the poem, which is crossed between iambic and lyric ancestry. The poem also functions as a major structural element in the book of Epodes, since it appears to signal a closure which does not happen, and which is wittily picked up in the following poem's apology to Maecenas for the poet's inability to finish the book. This play with finishing, and with iambic books of 13 or 17 poems in length, alludes to Callimachus and his book of Iambi. The closural elements in Epode 13 resonate which similar closurality in Iambus XIII, and the continuation in Epodes 14-17 is Horace's reflection on the puzzle about whether Iambus XIII represents closure 'followed by heterogeneous material [filled out either by Callimachus himself or by a copyist] or "false closure" followed by more Iambi'.

John T. Ramsey: Mark Antony's Judiciary Reform and its Revival under the Triumvirs

This article discusses the probable aims and provisions of Mark Antony's judiciary law of September 44 B.C. and challenges the prevailing view that this law had no further existence after it was annulled by the Senate in January 43 B.C. Instead, it is demonstrated that Antony's law was almost certainly reinstated under the Triumvirs and thus radically altered the composition of juries in Rome's criminal courts. This realization makes it possible to reconstruct the likely nature and timing of Augustus' judicial reforms, which can now be regarded as measures designed to reverse major changes that had been introduced by Antony's legislation.

Henrik Mouritsen: Freedmen and Decurions: Epitaphs and Social History in Imperial Italy

The article investigates the social profile of Roman funerary epigraphy, focusing on Ostia and Pompeii, and reconsiders the predominant role of freedmen in this material. Comparing the epigraphic behaviour of decurions and freedmen, it concludes that the 'epigraphic habit' was not uniformly adopted throughout Roman society; different classes used inscriptions in different ways and for different purposes. The epitaphs do not therefore reflect the overall composition of the Roman population as much as the particular concerns and aspirations of individual social groups and categories within it.

Walter Scheidel: Human Mobility in Roman Italy, II: The Slave Population

In this paper, I seek to delineate the build-up of the Italian slave population. My parametric model revolves around two variables: the probable number of slaves in Roman Italy, and the demographic structure of the servile population. I critique existing estimates of slave totals and propose a new 'bottom-up' approach; discuss the probable sex ratio, mortality regime and family structure of the Italian slaves; and advance a new estimate of the overall volume of slave transfers. I argue that the total number of slaves in Roman Italy did not exceed one-and-a-half million, and that this population had been created by the influx of between two and four million slaves during the last two centuries B.C.

Caroline Vout: Antinous, Archaeology and History

Antinous was the young, male lover of Hadrian. His premature death in A.D. 130 led to an oddly extravagant commemoration. Post-Renaissance he became one of the most collectable portrait types. This article re-examines the corpus of portraits as it is currently configured. Its primary aim is not to exclude or add pieces but to question the criteria on which inclusion and exclusion are based. This questioning cuts to the heart of issues of identification, dating, and authenticity which impact on art-historical classification more generally. It exposes how in some ways the modern Antinous is one of the discipline's making.

Edward Champlin: Phaedrus the Fabulous

Phaedrus, far from being a Greek freedman striving to inscribe himself among the élite of Latin letters, was a Roman aristocrat masquerading as a man of the people to say in fable what could not safely be otherwise said. Modern biographical constructions are mostly fantasy. In coded terms the poet playfully reveals his gentle birth in Rome itself; he parades a mastery of the two most Roman contributions to literature, (Horatian) satire and jurisprudence; and he proclaims his belief in life's unfairness and in resignation to it, his contempt for both monarchs and mobs, and his admiration for the wise individual.

J. J. Wilkes: The Roman Danube: An Archaeological Survey

The subject is the Roman occupation and control of the river Danube between the river Inn and the Black Sea, with a special emphasis on recent research and discoveries. Themes examined include the pattern of recent research and publication in the dozen modern states that now exist in the area; the construction of strategic roads linking the upper and lower Danube basins with the rest of the Roman world; military history and the creation of the military cordon along the river and the civil and military settlements associated with this. Recent research on social, economic, and cultural themes is also reviewed. Detailed accounts of major roads to the Danube and sites along the river are provided in two topographical appendices.